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Coal allied releases sustainability report
The Australian Conservation Foundation says it has launched a new coal-related sustainability report entitled 'A Sustainability Audit on Australia's Export of Coal to China and India.' It is the third Australian report to look at coal exports to India and China and the first to document coal's impact on the environment.
In its 2012 report, ACF stated: "A growing body of evidence shows that coal export can pose serious threats to Australia's environment.
"This means that increasing the demand for coal from countries that previously operated on imported coal is likely to have an adverse impact on local communities and the environment, undermining Australia's potential to meet its commitments to promote a clean and sustainable economy."
The ACF report has been circulated to government agencies in both states, as well as the NSW Environmental Protection Agency. The report notes that coal, if exported in bulk, could require a large capacity addition to meet high demand levels.
The Australian Conservation Foundation is working with other groups on a project to review the carbon trade in coal in both countries, starting in April 2016. They are also working with a group of scientists involved in monitoring China's mine-related carbon emissions.
'Shoot the messenger'
According to ACF, coal shipments to India and China have increased by 50 per cent compared to 2008.
The ACF has also seen an increase in China's coal-related exports from the US and India, the country with the highest number of coal shipments in 2008 and 2007.
According to the ACF, the increase could be linked to Australia's decision to phase out coal-fired electricity production, but these figures may be lower because of the large increases in coal shipments in the West Australian and South Australian states.
Chinese coal export to India and China is up 50% compared to 2008
"We don't know for sure but the increase could be partly down to a change in energy policy from Australia to encourage Australia to ramp up renewable and carbon intensity policies in the western Australian energy regions and introduce incentives on new infrastructure investment, like rail and roads."
카지노
예스카지노
Costs of shipbuilding to be reduced by continuous build volume from 40 to 15.
Build volume on the C-class, with its 1,000 cubic meters of space, will be reduced to 200 cubic meters.
The ship will also undergo major structural improvements for its aft superstructure and its bow, superstructure and bulkhead.
The C-class will also be upgraded with larger propulsion systems, which will generate up to 35,000 tonnes of thrust.
It will also receive a number of upgrades to its weapons system, the new Ka-50 surface to air missile system, which has been installed and in continuous testing and will receive a significant boost in range from 1,400 kilometres to 3,800 kilometres.
It will also receive additional weapons storage and weapon racks.
In addition, more than 30 new electronic equipment systems will be installed to better equip the C-class as well as its advanced anti-surface and anti-air capabilities.
The upgraded systems will also allow the ship to conduct more complex training operations with the help of a bigger fleet of anti-ship ballistic missiles, while the new sensors system will allow ship to counter threats from submarines, drones and long-range attack helicopter.
These upgrades will also improve the speed of the C-class' maneuverability, while the upgrade in the ship's overall strength and its protection will give the ship a combat superiority over its opponents.
The upgraded C-class is expected to be operational by the first half of 2017.
"The C-class has the potential of being the most advanced and advanced heavy cruiser in the world that we have and this is something we are determined to achieve," said Naval Sea Systems Command chief Vice Admiral William Gortney.
"From an overall perspective, its modernization is a significant step forward for our combatant commanders and a sign that our capabilities are improving. And this is something our capabilities will continue to grow further."
He said the C-class was a critical element of a larger ship building program that will see the addition of more ships, aircraft and vehicles as the fleet grows into 2020.
The C-class is expected to enter service with the first Chinese ships on the Navy's Eastern China Sea patrol route by 2023.
A Russian version of the ship, the Arkhipov, has also been ordered, and the U.S. Navy's new Navy carrier, the aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower, will get the ship in the first half of the decade.
Russia is also building another carrier the Admiral Kuznetsov, designed for the Eastern Mediterranean. |
Coal allied releases sustainability report
The Australian Conservation Foundation says it has launched a new coal-related sustainability report entitled 'A Sustainability Audit on Australia's Export of Coal to China and India.' It is the third Australian report to look at coal exports to India and China and the first to document coal's impact on the environment.
In its 2012 report, ACF stated: "A growing body of evidence shows that coal export can pose serious threats to Australia's environment.
"This means that increasing the demand for coal from countries that previously operated on imported coal is likely to have an adverse impact on local communities and the environment, undermining Australia's potential to meet its commitments to promote a clean and sustainable economy."
The ACF report has been circulated to government agencies in both states, as well as the NSW Environmental Protection Agency. The report notes that coal, if exported in bulk, could require a large capacity addition to meet high demand levels.
The Australian Conservation Foundation is working with other groups on a project to review the carbon trade in coal in both countries, starting in April 2016. They are also working with a group of scientists involved in monitoring China's mine-related carbon emissions.
'Shoot the messenger'
According to ACF, coal shipments to India and China have increased by 50 per cent compared to 2008.
The ACF has also seen an increase in China's coal-related exports from the US and India, the country with the highest number of coal shipments in 2008 and 2007.
According to the ACF, the increase could be linked to Australia's decision to phase out coal-fired electricity production, but these figures may be lower because of the large increases in coal shipments in the West Australian and South Australian states.
Chinese coal export to India and China is up 50% compared to 2008
"We don't know for sure but the increase could be partly down to a change in energy policy from Australia to encourage Australia to ramp up renewable and carbon intensity policies in the western Australian energy regions and introduce incentives on new infrastructure investment, like rail and roads."
카지노
예스카지노
Costs of shipbuilding to be reduced by continuous build volume from 40 to 15.
Build volume on the C-class, with its 1,000 cubic meters of space, will be reduced to 200 cubic meters.
The ship will also undergo major structural improvements for its aft superstructure and its bow, superstructure and bulkhead.
The C-class will also be upgraded with larger propulsion systems, which will generate up to 35,000 tonnes of thrust.
It will also receive a number of upgrades to its weapons system, the new Ka-50 surface to air missile system, which has been installed and in continuous testing and will receive a significant boost in range from 1,400 kilometres to 3,800 kilometres.
It will also receive additional weapons storage and weapon racks.
In addition, more than 30 new electronic equipment systems will be installed to better equip the C-class as well as its advanced anti-surface and anti-air capabilities.
The upgraded systems will also allow the ship to conduct more complex training operations with the help of a bigger fleet of anti-ship ballistic missiles, while the new sensors system will allow ship to counter threats from submarines, drones and long-range attack helicopter.
These upgrades will also improve the speed of the C-class' maneuverability, while the upgrade in the ship's overall strength and its protection will give the ship a combat superiority over its opponents.
The upgraded C-class is expected to be operational by the first half of 2017.
"The C-class has the potential of being the most advanced and advanced heavy cruiser in the world that we have and this is something we are determined to achieve," said Naval Sea Systems Command chief Vice Admiral William Gortney.
"From an overall perspective, its modernization is a significant step forward for our combatant commanders and a sign that our capabilities are improving. And this is something our capabilities will continue to grow further."
He said the C-class was a critical element of a larger ship building program that will see the addition of more ships, aircraft and vehicles as the fleet grows into 2020.
The C-class is expected to enter service with the first Chinese ships on the Navy's Eastern China Sea patrol route by 2023.
A Russian version of the ship, the Arkhipov, has also been ordered, and the U.S. Navy's new Navy carrier, the aircraft carrier USS Dwight D. Eisenhower, will get the ship in the first half of the decade.
Russia is also building another carrier the Admiral Kuznetsov, designed for the Eastern Mediterranean. |
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