Technical Regultaions
23/05/2002

SUMMARY

ARTICLE 1 : DEFINITIONS

1.1 Grand Touring car
1.2 Automobile
1.3 Land vehicle
1.4 Main structure
1.5 Bodywork
1.6 Original
1.7 Event
1.8 Weight
1.9 Racing weight
1.10 Wheel
1.11 Door
1.12 Cockpit
1.13 Supercharging
1.14 Sprung suspension
1.15 Active suspension
1.16 Mechanical components
1.17 Telemetry
1.18 Semi-automatic gearbox
1.19 Brake calipers
1.20 Location
1.21 Position
1.22 Orientation

ARTICLE 2 : REGULATIONS

2.1 Role of the FIA
2.2 Permitted modifications
2.3 Vehicle type eligibility
2.4 Eligible cars
2.5 Regulation and eligibility amendments
2.6 Compliance with the regulations
2.7 Measurements
2.8 Electronic system

ARTICLE 3 : BODYWORK AND EXTERIOR DIMENSIONS

3.1 Dimensions
3.2 Overhangs and wheelbase
3.3 Doors
3.4 Windscreen and windows
3.5 Bodywork
3.6 Bodywork modifications

ARTICLE 4 : WEIGHT

4.1 Minimum weight
4.2 Ballast
4.3 Adding during the race
4.4 Liquids

ARTICLE 5 : ENGINE

5.1 Type and position of engine
5.2 Engine modifications
5.3 Normally aspirated engines
5.4 Supercharged engines
5.5 Temperature of the charge
5.6 Cooling
5.7 Exhaust
5.8 Telemetry

ARTICLE 6 : FUEL PIPING, PUMPS AND TANKS

6.1 Fuel tanks
6.2 Fittings and piping
6.3 Fuel tank fillers
6.4 Refuelling
6.5 Fuel capacity

ARTICLE 7 : LUBRICATION SYSTEM

7.1 Oil tanks
7.2 Catch tank

ARTICLE 8 : ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

8.1 Battery
8.2 Windscreen wiper
8.3 Starting
8.4 Lighting equipment

ARTICLE 9 : TRANSMISSION

9.1 Transmission to the wheels
9.2 Reverse gear

ARTICLE 10 : SUSPENSION AND STEERING

10.1 Sprung suspension
10.2 Suspension type and mounting
10.3 Chromium plating
10.4 Suspension members
10.5 Steering
10.6 Power steering
10.7 Four wheel steering

ARTICLE 11 : BRAKES

11.1 Separate circuits
11.2 Brake discs
11.3 Anti-lock braking and power braking
11.4 Brake calipers

ARTICLE 12 : WHEELS AND TYRES

12.1 Dimensions
12.2 Wheel visibility
12.3 Wheel material
12.4 Number of wheels
12.5 Wheel attachment
12.6 Pneumatic jacks
12.7 Pressure control valves

ARTICLE 13 : COCKPIT

13.1 Equipment in the cockpit
13.2 Equipment permitted in the cockpit
13.3 Cockpit exit time

ARTICLE 14 : SAFETY EQUIPMENT

14.1 Fire extinguishers
14.2 Safety belts
14.3 Rear view mirrors
14.4 Seat and headrest
14.5 Master switch
14.6 Towing eye

ARTICLE 15 : SAFETY STRUCTURES

15.1 Magnesium sheet
15.2 Rollover structures
15.3 Firewall and floor
15.4 Composite chassis

ARTICLE 16 : FUEL
16.1 Fuel specification
16.2 Air

ARTICLE 17 : FINAL TEXT


ARTICLE 1 : DEFINITIONS

1.1 Grand Touring Car (GT)
An open or closed automobile which has no more than onedoor on each side and a minimum of two seats situated one on each side of the longitudinal centre line of the car; these two seats must be crossed by the same transversal plane.
This car must be able to be used perfectly legally on the open road, and adapted for racing on circuits or closed courses.

1.2 Automobile
A land vehicle running on at least four non-aligned complete wheels, of which at least two are used for steering and at least two for propulsion.

1.3 Land vehicle
A locomotive device, propelled by its own means, moving by constantly taking real support on the earth's surface, and of which the propulsion and steering are under the control of a driver aboard the vehicle.

1.4 Main structure
Entirely sprung part of the structure of the vehicle, to which all the suspension and/or spring loads are transmitted, extending longitudinally from the foremost suspension mounting point on the chassis to the rearmost suspension mounting point on the chassis.

1.5 Bodywork
All entirely sprung parts of the car in contact with the external air stream, except the parts definitely associated with the mechanical functioning of the engine, transmission and running gear.
Any air intake shall be considered to be part of the bodywork.

1.6 Original
As fitted to the FIA-homologated car.

1.7 Event
An event shall consist of official practice and the race.

1.8 Weight
Is the weight of the car without the driver at any time during the event.

1.9 Racing weight
Is the weight of the car in running order with the driver aboard and the fuel tank full.

1.10 Wheel
Wheel: Flange and rim. Complete wheel: Flange, rim and tyre.

1.11 Door
That part of the bodywork that opens to give access to the driver and passenger compartments.

1.12 Cockpit
The volume of the main structure which is reserved for the occupants.
Its limits are defined by the roof, the floor, the doors, the lateral parts, the glazed parts and the front and rear bulkheads.

1.13 Supercharging
Increasing the weight of the charge of the fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber (over the weight induced by normal atmospheric pressure, ram effect and dynamic effects in the intake and/or exhaust system) by any means whatsoever.
The injection of fuel under pressure is not considered to be supercharging.

1.14 Sprung suspension
The means whereby all complete wheels are suspended from the body/chassis unit by a spring medium.

1.15 Active suspension
Any system which allows control of the flexibility of any part of the suspension or of the trim height when the car is moving.

1.16 Mechanical components
All those necessary for the propulsion, suspension, steering and braking, as well as all accessories, whether moving or not, which are necessary for their normal working.

1.17 Telemetry
The transmission of data between a moving car and anyone connected with the entry of that car.

1.18 Semi-automatic gearbox
One which, when the driver calls for a gear change, takes over the control of one or more of the engine, clutch and gear selectors momentarily to enable the gear to be engaged.

1.19 Brake calipers
All parts of the braking system outside the survival cell, other than brake discs, brake pads, caliper pistons, brake hoses, master cylinder and fittings, which are stressed when subjected to the braking pressure.

1.20 Location
A site defined relative to the original : centre line of the car, axles centre (middle of the wheelbase on the centre line), cockpit, luggage compartment and engine compartment.
Location within an engine compartment is a site relative to the crankcase and cylinder heads.

1.21 Position
The site defined by dimensions from the original vehicle data. e.g. axles centre and centre line of the car.

1.22 Orientation
Is the relationship of the component to the longitudinal and lateral axes of the vehicle.
If the component is turned 180°, this will be regarded as a change in orientation.

ARTICLE 2 : REGULATIONS

2.1 Role of the FIA
The following technical regulations for Grand Touring cars are issued by the FIA.

2.2 Permitted modifications
All modifications not allowed by these regulations are expressly forbidden.

2.3 Vehicle type eligibility
Vehicles will be eligible in the Grand Touring class (GT).
For a vehicle to be eligible in the Grand Touring class, it must be an FIA-homologated car in Group GT or N-GT.

2.4 Eligible cars
A list of homologated cars will be published by the FIA.

2.5 Regulation and eligibility amendments
Each year in October at the latest the FIA will publish changes made to these regulations.
All such changes will take effect on the second 1st of January following their publication.
Changes for safety reasons may be made without notice.
Changes covered by Articles 4.1.2, 5.3.4, 5.4.5 and 6.5.2 will be made in accordance with the period of notice specified in the relevant Sporting Regulations, save in circumstances deemed to be exceptional by the governing body of the relevant Championship.

2.6 Compliance with the regulations
It is the duty of each competitor to satisfy the Scrutineers and the Stewards of the Meeting that his car complies with these regulations in their entirety at all times during an event.
A car, the construction of which is deemed to be dangerous, may be excluded by the Stewards of the meeting.

2.7 Measurements
All measurements must be made while the car is stationary on a flat horizontal surface or as provided in the Sporting Regulations of the relevant Championship.

2.8 Electronic system
Any automatic or electronic chassis control system or function is forbidden.
This includes anti-lock braking, traction control, automatic or semi-automatic transmissions, power-driven clutches, electronically or automatically adjusted final drive differential systems, damper, suspension or ride height adjustment, power braking, four-wheel steering, moveable ballast.
Semi-automatic or automatic gearboxes and differentials with electronic, pneumatic or hydraulic slip control are forbidden.
Closed-loop electronically controlled systems are prohibited.
A simple open-loop electrical switch activated by the driver acting on a system is not considered to be an electronic control.
Power steering may be employed as long as it is a simple system, without programmable control.

ARTICLE 3 : BODYWORK AND EXTERIOR DIMENSIONS

3.1 Dimensions
All bodywork dimensions and shape must remain original with the exception of alterations required by Article 3.5.1 and those permitted under Article 3.6.

3.2 Overhangs and wheelbase
The front and rear overhangs must remain original.

3.3 Doors
The dimensions and functions of the doors must remain original.
The door hinges may be replaced for the sole purpose of allowing faster evacuation of the driver in the event of an accident.

3.4 Windscreen and windows
A windscreen made of one piece of laminated glass, or of an equivalent material approved by the FIA, is compulsory.
In all cases, this windscreen must respect the homologation regulations of the FIA and of the European Community (Full Type).
In order to protect the windscreen, the addition of a translucent film on its external face is permitted.
The side and rear windows may be replaced with polycarbonate.
Additional fastenings may be used.
Cockpit ventilation :
A scoop may be fitted to each door window provided it complies with the following points :
- it must not exceed the perimeter of the window, must have a maximum height of 150 mm and must not protrude more than 50 mm over the window's surface.
- it must be made from the same material as the window or with translucent polycarbonate if the window is made from glass, and must have the possibility of being closed by a shutter made from the same material as the window.
- it must not obstruct the driver's rearward view.
Air ducts fed by the scoops are authorised inside the cockpit on condition that they alter neither the driver's visibility nor the driver's safety.
Door windows may be replaced with nets with characteristics in accordance with article 253-11.
However, the fixing of the nets to the safety rollcage is not mandatory.
Each rear side window may be partly opened to a maximum of 30 mm at its rear extremity, or may have a circular opening with a maximum diameter of 50 mm.

3.5 Bodywork
3.5.1) Between the front and at least the rear wheel centre lines all bodywork visible from directly beneath the car, with the exception of wheel arches and exhaust tunnels, must lie on one plane.
This plane, called Flat Bottom or Reference Surface, must be a uniform, solid, hard, rigid (no degree of freedom in relation to the body/chassis unit), impervious surface, under all circumstances.
The periphery of the surface formed by these parts may be curved upwards with a maximum radius of 25 mm.
To help overcome any possible manufacturing problems, a tolerance of +/- 5 mm is permissible across this surface.
No sprung part of the car is permitted below the flat bottom.
No air may pass above this surface. However, two circular openings of not more than 200 mm in diameter are permitted in the flat bottom for the purpose of cooling the exhaust, as well as minimum openings allowing the use of air jacks.
It is permitted to add the following elements :
• A flat panel to the front of the flat bottom :
On the flat bottom plane, between the front end of the flat bottom and the vertical and transversal plane tangent to the front of the complete front wheels and between the front wheel arches.
It may be included in the flat bottom.
"Naca" or louvre type air inlets may be made on its surface.
The part of the bodywork situated forward of the complete front wheels must be independent of this panel or of the flat bottom if the panel is included in it.
To help overcome any possible manufacturing problems, a tolerance of +/- 5 mm is permissible across the surface of this panel.
• An inclined, flat panel to the rear of the flat bottom, with no openings:
- between the vertical planes formed by the inside faces of the rear wheels.
- between the rear end of the flat bottom and the vertical plane formed by the rearmost vertical panel of the bodywork.
This panel may be cut to adapt this extractor.
No point of this inclined panel is permitted more than 150 mm above the flat bottom. Vertical fins are allowed, provided that they remain parallel to the longitudinal centre line of the car and that they exert no aerodynamic influence.
To help overcome any possible manufacturing problems, a tolerance of +/- 5 mm is permissible across the surface of this panel.
3.5.2) With the exception of the lower half of the complete wheels, the bodywork must cover all mechanicalcomponents in vertical projection seen from above.
3.5.3) Any air intake higher than the highest point of the windscreen must not be forward of that point.
3.5.4) Any part of the bodywork, including any part having an aerodynamic influence, must be rigidly secured to the entirely sprung part of the car (chassis/body unit), must not have any degree of freedom, must be securely fixed and remain immobile in relation to this part while the car is in motion.
3.5.5) Any device or construction that is designed to bridge the gap between the sprung part of the car and the ground is prohibited under all circumstances.
3.5.6) Material used for the bonnet and boot lids, doors and wings is free, but where a panel is replaced, it must be attached in a way which is at least as strong as the original method.
There must be at least two safety fasteners securing bonnet/boot/engine covers, both of which are clearly indicated by red (or contrasting colour) arrows. It must be possible to remove or open the bonnet and boot without the use of tools.
3.5.7) The cockpit opening of open cars must be symmetrical when viewed in plan or left/right elevation.
The passenger area must not be covered.
3.5.8) All bodywork joints in the vicinity of the refuelling connections must be designed in such a way as to prevent any leakage of fuel into the engine compartment and/or cockpit during refuelling.
3.5.9) No part of the car must touch the ground when both the tyres on one side are deflated.
This test will be carried out on a flat surface, in race trim, with the driver on board.
3.5.10) Registration plates
Registration plate mountings may be dismounted, but this must not lead to the removal of parts of the bodywork or give rise to additional air intakes except for those permitted by articles 258.3.6.4 and 258.3.6.8.
3.5.11) Windscreen wiper
Motor, position, blades and mechanism are free but there should be at least one windscreen wiper provided for the windscreen.
The capacity of the washer tank may be increased.
The headlamp washer device may be dismounted.

3.6 Bodywork modifications
3.6.1) Strengthening of the chassis and bodywork is allowed provided that the material used follows the original shape and is in direct contact with it.
Accessory supports that are no longer used may be removed.
Furthermore, reinforcement bars may be fitted on the suspension mounting points to the bodyshell of the same axle, on each side of the car's longitudinal axis.
3.6.2) The width of the bodywork across the front and rear wheel arches may be increased by a maximum of
100 mm. In all cases, the total width of the car modified in this way must not exceed 2100 mm.
Following these modifications, together with any modifications carried out to accommodate different wheels, the bodywork must cover the upper halves of the wheels, keeping apparently the same shapes as the original bodywork.
3.6.3) A rear wing may be mounted.
It may replace an existing wing but not be added to it.
The rear wing is made up of the following elements : Wing, end plates and vertical supports, and must comply with the following criteria :
- its overall width must not exceed 2000 mm.
- viewed from above, it must not protrude beyond the rearmost point of the bodywork.
- its highest point must not protrude beyond the highest point of the roof of the car.
If the original car has an air inlet on the roof, this inlet will not be considered for determining the highest point of the roof.
• Wing :
- it is made from a maximum of two elements (main wing and flap).
- no air may circulate between the main wing section and the flap.
- it must be contained within a parallelogram of 520 x 150 mm with a wing section chord of a maximum of 400 mm.
• End plates and vertical supports :
- the maximum authorised dimensions for the end plates are 520 mm in length and 150 mm in height.
- vertical supports must not exceed 520 mm in length, measured horizontally.
- the surfaces of the vertical supports and end plates must be flat and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the car.
- the leading edges of the vertical supports and end plates must be rounded with a constant radius and the trailing edges may be bevelled along a 20 mm maximum length.
If the original rear wing is fitted, it must comply with the above points.
In the case of an open car, all the above points must be complied with, the height of the rear wing being measured relative to the highest point of the windscreen surround.
3.6.4) Bodywork may be modified below the horizontal plane of the front wheel axis and forward of the complete front
wheels, provided that:
- it does not exceed the width of the bodywork across the front wheel arches (Art. 3.6.2).
- the bodywork up to 180 mm from the ground does not extend beyond 80 mm horizontally in relation to the value of the original front overhang and to the maximum perimeter of the part of the original bodywork of the car situated more than 180 mm above the ground (Drawings 258-1 and 258-2).
- no sprung part of the car may be situated below the plane defined in article 3.5.1.
3.6.5) Bodywork may be added between the front and rear wheel arches provided that it is below the lowest wheel
centre line, that it is not visible from above the car and that Article 3.5.8 may be satisfied.
3.6.6) Internal wheel arches may be modified to accommodate larger wheels but must be at least as strong as
the original.
The fallen edges of the wheel arches may be cut in order to accommodate larger wheels.
3.6.7) Any parts following the external contour of the bodywork and less than 25 mm high will be considered as decorative strips and may be removed.
3.6.8) Air inlets :
They must
- have a single, precise function: cooling, ventilation.
- not protrude beyond the outline of the car when viewed from above.
- not extend beyond the surface of the bodywork.
However, air inlets may protrude beyond the roof (the surface limited by the top of the windscreen, the side windows and the rear window) provided that:
- they do not protrude forward of the highest point of the windscreen.
- they do not exceed the highest point of the roof of the car.
The modification of an original air inlet is permitted on condition that its original perimeter is included in that of the new air inlet thus obtained.
Whatever the air inlets, the only mechanical parts visible through them are those that are visible on the series vehicle.
3.6.9) Air outlets :
Air extraction louvres are authorised on the rear vertical panel of the car provided that they do not allow the mechanical parts and the wheels to be seen from the rear, and that they do not extend more than 20 mm beyond the surface of the bodywork.
These louvres must be located aft of the complete rear wheels.
Bodywork may be modified to incorporate louvres above or on the sides of the engine and coolers compartments, for the sole purpose of extracting heat.
They must neither protrude over the original bodywork, nor alter the original external appearance, nor permit a mechanical part to be visible from above or from the side.
Aft of the front and rear wheels, the openings made in the bodywork in order to extract air :
- must not exert an aerodynamic effect below the plane passing through the wheel centre line,
- must be fitted with louvres to prevent the tyres from being seen from the rear.
Aft of the front wheels, louvres may be replaced with a wire mesh provided that the meshes are no longer than 5 mm on the side.
For checking the front wings, the person doing the checking should be positioned beside each door.
Whatever the air inlets outlets, the only mechanical parts visible through them are those that are visible on the series vehicle.
3.6.10) Modifications required to fit additional lighting supports and refuelling connectors are permitted.
3.6.11) A maximum of one or two volumes, of a minimum total volume of 150 dm3 is (are) obligatory.
The boot may consist of the space located behind the front seats in their rearmost position and up to the base of the rear window. In all cases, the remaining volume of the cockpit must comply with the Group B capacity and visibility dimensions.

ARTICLE 4 : WEIGHT

4.1 Minimum weight
4.1.1) The weight of the car must not be less than 1100 kg (see appendices 1 and 2).
4.1.2) The right is reserved, by the Sporting Authority of the relevant Championship, to adjust the weight of any car to maximise equality of performance.
4.2 Ballast
Ballast must be secured in the cockpit such that tools are required for its removal and so as to allow the fixing of seals by the scrutineers.
Any movable ballast system when the car is in motion is forbidden.
4.3 Adding during the race
The adding to the car during the race of any solid material whatsoever or the replacement during the race of any part of the car with another which is materially heavier is forbidden.
4.4 Liquids
The weight may be checked at any time during the event withthe quantity of liquids remaining in the tanks except after the race where the car will may be emptied of all the fuel before weighing.

ARTICLE 5 : ENGINE

Provided the regulations in Articles 5.1 to 5.8 are complied with, the engine and ancillaries are free.
5.1 Type and position of engine
The make and type of engine used must remain original.
The position of the engine is free provided the location and orientation remain original.
The interior dimensions of the cockpit must remain original if the engine is re-positioned but only modifications to the chassis or the bodyshell homologated in Option Variant (VO) are allowed.

5.2 Engine modifications
5.2.1) The engine must retain the original cylinder block, cylinder heads, valve angles, number and location of camshafts and firing order.
Injection and firing systems are free.
The addition of material to the block or heads is not permitted.
However, it is permitted to sleeve a block that originally is not fitted with sleeves, by welding if necessary.
It is also permitted to modify or close the lubrication holes in the cylinder head, close standard injector holes or use helicoils.
5.2.2) Variable valve timing is not permitted.
5.2.3) Variable length inlet systems are not permitted.
5.2.4) Titanium is not permitted unless used in the original car.
5.2.5) The use of magnesium is not permitted unless it is used in the original engine.
5.2.6) The use of any ceramic component is forbidden.
5.2.7) The use of carbon or composite materials is restricted to clutches and non-stressed covers or ducts.
5.2.8) Only a direct mechanical linkage between the throttle pedal and the engine is permitted.
Systems listed above in 5.2.2 - 5.2.8 may be used if they are fitted as original equipment using original parts. However, if a manufacturer intends to use any of these they must appear on the homologation form.

5.3 Normally aspirated engines
5.3.1) If the original engine is supercharged, it is authorised to remove the supercharging system.
The engine air intake system must be fitted with one or two air restrictors 3 mm long with maximum diameters set out in
Appendix 1 (Restrictors for normally aspirated engines).
5.3.2) All the air feeding the engine must pass through these restrictors, which must be made of metal or metal alloy.
5.3.3) The intake system is defined by the assembly including the restrictor(s) and the manifold up to the intake
ports on the cylinder head(s).
It must comply with the following points :
- The transversal distance between the axes of the control diameters of the restrictors must not be greater than 1000 mm.
- Its internal total volume, measured from the control diameter of the restrictor(s) to the intake ports on the cylinder head(s), must not be greater than 70 dm3.
- The longitudinal distance from the control diameter of therestrictor(s) to the centreline of the first cylinder must not be greater than 600 mm.
5.3.4) The right is reserved, by the Sporting Authority of the relevant Championship, to adjust the size of these air restrictors to maximise equality of performance.
5.4 Supercharged engines
5.4.1) Turbochargers may only be used if such systems are fitted to the FIA-homologated road car or if the car is homologated in N-GT and has a normally aspirated engine as standard.
If the car is homologated in N-GT and has a normally aspirated engine as standard, the supercharging system
must be homologated in VO by the manufacturer.
The maximum capacity of supercharged engines is 4000 cm3.
5.4.2) The engine air intake system must be fitted with one or two air restrictors 3 mm long with maximum diameters set out in Appendix 2.
5.4.3) All restrictors must be placed no further than 50 mm from the forward face of the compressor wheel blades.
5.4.4) All the air feeding the engine must pass through these restrictors, which must be made of metal or metal alloy.
5.4.5) The right is reserved, by the Sporting Authority of the relevant Championship, to adjust the size of these air restrictors to maximise equality of performance.
5.4.6) Supercharged cars must not be equipped with any device which allows the boost pressure, or the electronic management system controlling the boost pressure, to be adjusted while the car is in motion.
5.4.7) Variable diameter inlets and adjustable internal vanes on turbochargers are forbidden.
5.5 Temperature of the charge
5.5.1) With the exception of location, intercoolers are free and may be used for cooling intake air.
However, any modifications carried out to accommodate a different intercooler must not alter the structural integrity of the car and the bodywork.
Apart from intercoolers, any device, system, procedure, construction or design the purpose and/or effect of which is any decrease whatsoever of the temperature of the intake air and/or of the charge (air and/or fuel) of the engine is forbidden.
The pipes between the supercharging device, the intercooler and the manifold are free, but their only function must be to channel the intake air.
5.5.2) Internal and/or external spraying or injection of water or any substance whatsoever is forbidden (other than fuel for the normal purpose of combustion in the engine).
5.6 Cooling
Provided the method of cooling is retained, the cooling system is free but the water radiator must remain in the original location.
5.7 Exhaust Provided the regulations in Articles 5.7.1, 5.7.2, 5.7.3 and
5.7.4 are complied with, the exhaust system is free.
5.7.1) The exhaust system should incorporate one or more homologated catalytic converters, which should be functioning at all times and through which all exhaust gases should pass.
5.7.2) The noise generated by the car is not to exceed 110 dB (A) at 3800 rpm, or at three quarter maximum revs if less.
This will be measured at a distance of 0.5 m and at a 45 degree angle to the point of exit of the exhaust.
All measures which are taken to ensure that the maximum noise limits are not exceeded must be permanent in nature, and must not be removed by the exhaust gas pressure.
5.7.3) The orifices of the exhaust pipes must be placed at a maximum of 450 mm and a minimum of 100 mm from the ground.
The exit of the exhaust pipe must be situated within the perimeter of the car and less than 100 mm from this
perimeter, and aft of the vertical plane passing through the centre of the wheelbase. Moreover, adequate protection must be provided in order to prevent heated pipes from causing burns.
The exhaust system must not be provisional. Exhaust gas may only exit at the end of the system.
Parts of the chassis must not be used to evacuate exhaust gases.
5.7.4) The underbody and bulkheads may be modified for the installation of the exhaust system, but these modifications may only serve to accommodate or provide clearance for the exhaust system.
The exhaust system must be adequately isolated from the driver compartment.

5.8 Telemetry
The use of telemetry is forbidden.

ARTICLE 6 : FUEL PIPING, PUMPS AND TANKS

Provided the regulations in Articles 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 are complied with, the fuel system is free.

6.1 Fuel tanks
6.1.1) All fuel tanks must be placed in the luggage compartment or in the original location and must be separated from the driver and the engine compartment by a firewall.
The tank must be surrounded by a crushable structure at least 10 mm thick.
6.1.2) All fuel tanks must be rubber bladders conforming to or exceeding the specifications of FIA/FT3 or FIA/FT3 1999.
6.1.3) All rubber bladders must be made by manufacturers homologated by the FIA.
6.1.4) All rubber bladders shall have a printed code indicating the name of the manufacturer, the specifications to which the tank has been manufactured and the date of manufacture.
6.1.5) No rubber bladders shall be used more than 5 years after the date of manufacture, unless inspected and recertified by the manufacturer for a period of up to another 2 years.
6.2 Fittings and piping
6.2.1) All fittings which constitute the walls of the tank (including air vents, inlets, outlets, tank fillers, inter-tank connectors and access openings) must be metal or composite fittings bonded into the fuel tank.
6.2.2) All fuel lines between the fuel tank and the engine must have a self-sealing breakaway valve.
This valve must separate at less than 50 % of the load required to break the fuel line fitting or to pull it out of the fuel tank.
6.2.3) No lines containing cooling water may pass through the cockpit.
Fuel and oil lines may pass through the cockpit provided that they have no connections other than to the bulkheads and that they are covered by a leakproof protection.
In a 2-volume car, the air vent(s) and their valves may pass through the cockpit provided that they are made from aviation type material and do not have any connections, other than to the (tank/roof) bulkheads.
The vent and filler spouts may pass through the cockpit as close to the walls as possible.
Their pipes must be made from metal and their connectors from material identical to that used for the walls of the tank.
They must be isolated from the cockpit by means of a leakproof protection.
6.2.4) All lines must be fitted in such a way that any leakage cannot result in accumulation of fluid in the cockpit.
6.2.5) When flexible, all lines must have threaded connectors and an outer braid which is resistant to abrasion and flame.
6.2.6) All fuel and lubricating oil lines must have a minimum burst pressure of 41 bar at the maximum operating temperature of 135°C.
6.2.7) All hydraulic fluid lines which are not subjected to abrupt changes in pressure, with the exception of lines under gravity head, must have a minimum burst pressure of 41 bar at the maximum operating temperature of 204°C when used with steel connectors and 135°C when used with aluminium connectors.
6.2.8) All hydraulic fluid lines subjected to abrupt changes in pressure must have a minimum burst pressure of 70 bar at the maximum operating temperature of 204°C.
6.2.9) No hydraulic fluid lines may have removable connectors inside the cockpit.
6.2.10) The vent lines must be fitted with a gravityactivated roll-over valve.
All the fuel pumps must operate only when the engine is running, except during the starting process.
6.2.11) The air ducts must be made from a nonflammable material.

6.3 Fuel tank fillers
6.3.1) All cars must be fitted with fuel tank fillers and vents which must be combined or single units, installed or not on both sides of the car (in accordance with drawing 252-5; the interior diameter D must not exceed 50 mm).
Both fillers and air vents must be equipped with leakproof dry break couplings complying with the dead man principle and therefore not incorporating any retaining device when in an open position.
6.3.2) The tank fillers and vent holes must not protrude beyond the bodywork.
They may be situated in the rear windows; if so they must be separated from the driver and engine compartments by a firewall.
6.3.3) The tank fillers, vent holes, vents and breathers must be placed where they would not be vulnerable in the event of an accident.
6.3.4) The fuel cell ventilation system must include the following elements :
- a gravity activated roll-over valve
- a float chamber ventilation valve
- a blow-off valve with a maximum over pressure of 200 mbar, working when the float chamber ventilation valve is closed.
6.3.5) All cars must be fitted with a self-sealing connector which can be used by the scrutineers to obtain fuel feeding the engine.
This connector must be of the type approved by the FIA and must be fitted immediately before the injectors.

6.4 Refuelling during the race
6.4.1) Refuelling the car by any other means than gravity, with a maximum height of 2 metres above the track where the refuelling takes place, is forbidden throughout the event.
6.4.2) During the race, only one autonomous supply tank complying with the drawing 252-7 must be used per car.
This tank must have a simple cylindrical internal shape and must not have any additional internal parts.
For safety reasons, this tank must be fixed, through a tower, onto a trolley with the following characteristics :
- all the tower components must be mechanically assembled without any degree of freedom in relation to the trolley.
- the base of the trolley must have a surface area of at least 2 m2 and must be made with a case fitted on 4 self-braking castors, ballasted with a weight greater than that of the tank filled with fuel.
A system for weighing the fuel may be applied through placing a weighing plate underneath the tank, provided that the characteristics set out above are respected.
A member for supporting the refuelling lines and air hoses may be attached to the trolley :
- it must be independent of the tank and of the tower.
- it is recommended that this member be allowed a degree of freedom in relation to the trolley (rotation following a vertical axis).
- it must not exceed 4 m in length and must allow a free passage of a height of 2 m over its entire length, including the accessories.
- an identification plate bearing the race number of the competing car must be fixed to its end.
A flow restrictor with the following dimensions:
- thickness: 2 mm
- maximum internal diameter: 33 mm must be placed at the exit of the refuelling tank (see drawing
258-4).
6.4.3) Above the tank there must be an air vent system approved by the FIA.
6.4.4) The refuelling pipe, minimum length 250 cm, must be provided with a leakproof coupling to fit the filler mounted on the car, and during refuelling the outlet of the air vent must be connected with an appropriate coupling of the same diameter to the supply tank.
6.4.5) Before refuelling commences, the car and all metal parts of the refuelling system, from the coupling to the supply tank and its rack, must be connected electrically to earth by a manual contactor having no other function.
6.4.6) A 90° cut-off valve, situated on the outlet of the supply tank and controlling the fuel flow, must be manned at all times during refuelling.
A self-closing valve with an internal diameter of 38 mm must be fixed under the supply tank according to drawing 252-7.
6.4.7) All hoses and fittings from the supply tank to the car and back must have a maximum inside diameter of 1.5".
6.4.8) During practice, the standard supply tank or an unpressurised container not exceeding 25 litres capacity which is vented to air and has a leakproof coupling connecting it to the tank filler on the car can be used.
6.4.9) If a visible level is fitted to the tank, it must be fitted with isolating valves as close as possible to the tank.
6.4.10) The storing of fuel on board the car at a temperature less than 10°C below the ambient temperature is
forbidden.
The use of a specific device, whether on board the car or not, to reduce the temperature of the fuel below the ambient temperature is forbidden.

6.5 Fuel capacity
6.5.1) The maximum amount of fuel which may be carried on board is 100 litres.
Any device, system, procedure, construction or design, the purpose and/or effect of which is to increase in any way
whatsoever, even temporarily, the total fuel storage capacity beyond the maximum of 100 litres, is forbidden.
6.5.2) The right is reserved, by the Sporting Authority of the relevant Championship, to adjust the size of the fuel tank to maximise equality of performance.

ARTICLE 7 : LUBRICATION SYSTEM

Provided the regulations in this Article are complied with, the oil system is free.

7.1 Oil tanks
7.1.1) If the oil tanks are not retained in the original position, they must be surrounded by a 10 mm thick crushable structure.
7.1.2) The oil tank must not be located in the cockpit.
7.2 Catch tank
When a car's lubrication system includes an open type sump breather, it must vent into a catch tank of at least 3 litres capacity.

ARTICLE 8 : ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

Provided the regulations in this Article are complied with, the electrical system is free.

8.1 Battery

Batteries must be situated in the cockpit but without obstructing the exit of the driver.
Batteries must be securely fixed to the body shell and completely surrounded by a box made of insulating material that includes an air vent which exits outside the cockpit.
If the battery situated in the cockpit is a dry battery, it must be protected electrically by a cover which covers it completely.
The attachment to the body shell must consist of a metal seat and two metal clamps, with an insulating covering, fixed to the floor by bolts and nuts.
For attaching these clamps, bolts with a diameter of at least 10 mm must be used, and under each bolt, a counterplate at least 3 mm thick and with a surface of at least 20 cm2 beneath the metal of the bodywork (see drawings 255-10 and 255-11). 8.2 Windscreen wiper
The car must be fitted with at least one effective windscreen wiper which must be in working order throughout the event.

8.3 Starting
A starter must be fitted and be in working order at all times during an event. The driver must also be able to operate the starter when seated normally.

8.4 Lighting equipment
8.4.1) All lighting equipment must be in working order throughout the event.
8.4.2) With the exception of the numberplate light, the original function of all exterior lighting equipment must be
retained, but supplementary lighting may be added.
For safety reasons, it is obligatory for headlights to produce a white beam.
For races run in the daytime, GT cars must be equipped with white headlight covers.
8.4.3) Reverse lights
The bulbs of the reverse lights must be removed.
8.4.4) Light for rain
All cars must have a red light of at least 21 watts, in working order throughout the event, which:
- is a model approved by the FIA.
- faces rearwards at 90° to the car centre line.
- is clearly visible from the rear.
- is mounted not more than 10cm from the car centre line.
- is at least 35 cm above the reference plane.
- is no less than 45 cm behind the rear wheel centre line, measured to the face of the lens and parallel to the reference plane.
- can be switched on by the driver when seated normally in the car.
The three measurements being taken to the centre of area of the lens.
8.4.5) Retractable headlights
Retractable headlights may be replaced with fixed headlights, on condition that the original location is retained.
The original location may be made larger, but the shape of the bonnet must be retained.

ARTICLE 9 : TRANSMISSION

Provided the regulations in this Article are complied with, the transmission system is free.

9.1 Transmission to the wheels
9.1.1) Four wheel drive is forbidden.
9.1.2) The position of the gearbox is free provided the location and orientation remain original.
The gearbox must comprise a maximum of 6 ratios and a reverse gear.
The interior dimensions of the cockpit must remain original if the gearbox is re-positioned but only modifications to the chassis or the bodyshell homologated in Option Variant (VO) are allowed.
9.1.3) Viscous differentials are not considered to have hydraulic slip control, provided outside control is not possible when the car is in motion.
9.1.4) For safety reasons, the transmission must be designed in such a way that should the car be stopped and the engine stalled, it is possible to push or tow it.
9.2 Reverse gear
All cars must have a reverse gear which, at any time during the event, can be selected while the engine is running and used by the driver when seated normally.

ARTICLE 10 : SUSPENSION AND STEERING

10.1 Sprung suspension
Cars must be fitted with sprung suspension.
The springing medium must not consist solely of bolts located through flexible bushes or mountings.
There must be movement of the wheels to give suspension travel in excess of any flexibility in the attachments.

10.2 Suspension type and mounting
10.2.1) All suspension components, with the exception of parts specifically mentioned, must be original equipment supplied by the manufacturer or homologated and comply with the FIA homologation form or the identification form of the racing car.
These parts may be strengthened provided the original part can still be identified.
The suspension reinforcements must not allow two separate parts to be joined together to form one.
10.2.2) The position of the suspension and the steering box (rack or other) mounting points on the chassis can be changed by homologation, while respecting their number and the original type of the suspension.
10.2.3) Rubber joints may be replaced by unibal joints.
10.2.4) The addition of an anti-roll bar is permitted.
10.2.5) The material, number and dimensions of the springs are free.
The modification of spring, shock absorber and anti-roll bars adjustments from the cockpit is prohibited.
10.2.6) Shock absorbers are free provided their number remains original.

10.3 Chromium plating
Chromium plating of steel suspension members is forbidden.

10.4 Suspension members
All suspension members must be made from a homogeneous metallic material.

10.5 Steering
All steering components (including the steering rods) must be original equipment supplied by the manufacturer or homologated.
With the exception of the homologated steering column, these parts may be strengthened provided the original part can still be identified.
The steering lock must be dismounted and the column adjusting system must be locked.
The steering wheel may be replaced and it may be fitted with a quick release system.
For the fitting of such a system, a local modification of the steering column is allowed.

10.6 Power steering
Power steering may be disconnected.
It is possible to replace a mechanical power steering pump with an electrical power steering pump and vice versa.

10.7 Four wheel steering
The use of four wheel steering is forbidden.

ARTICLE 11 : BRAKES

11.1 Separate circuits
With the exception of 2) below, the complete braking system is free provided it incorporates at least two separate circuits operated by the same pedal.
This system must be designed so that if leakage or failure occurs in one circuit, the pedal shall still operate the brakes on at least two wheels.

11.2 Brake discs
The brake discs must be made from ferrous material.
The use of titanium is authorised for the brake pistons and for the brake disc attachments.

11.3 Anti-lock braking and power braking
Any anti-lock braking function and any power braking function
are forbidden.

11.4 Brake calipers
All the brake calipers must be made from aluminium materials with a modulus of elasticity no greater than 80Gpa.
A single caliper, with a maximum of 8 pistons, is permitted on each wheel.
The section of each caliper piston must be circular.

ARTICLE 12 : WHEELS AND TYRES

12.1 Dimensions
12.1.1) Complete wheels
Maximum width: 14".
Maximum diameter: 28".
The maximum authorised diameter of the rims is 18".
12.1.2) Measurements will be taken horizontally at axle height.

12.2 Wheel visibility
The complete wheel above the hub centre line must not be visible in plan view, with the wheels aligned for the car to proceed straight ahead.

12.3 Wheel material
Wheel material is free but they must be made from a homogeneous metallic material.

12.4 Number of wheels
The maximum number of wheels is four.

12.5 Wheel attachment
Wheel attachment is free but if a single wheel nut is used, a safety pin fitted with a spring must be in place on the nut or the stub axle whenever the car is running and must be replaced after each wheel change.
These pins must be painted dayglo red or orange.
Alternatively, another method of retaining the wheels attachment system may be used, provided it has been approved by the FIA.

12.6 Pneumatic jacks
Pneumatic jacks may be fitted to the car, but compressed air bottles are not to be carried on board.

12.7 Pressure control valves
Pressure control valves on the wheels are forbidden.

ARTICLE 13 : COCKPIT

13.1 Equipment in the cockpit
13.1.1) The following must be removed from the cockpit:
- Roof padding and lining
- Steering lock
- Carpets and insulating material
13.1.2) The following may also be removed from the cockpit:
- Seats
- All trim except the dashboard
- Heating system and air conditioning, but an adequate ventilation and demisting system must be retained
- Window winding mechanisms, central locking systems and any other systems fitted to the original car solely for the comfort of the driver or passengers.

13.2 Equipment permitted in the cockpit
13.2.1) The only components which can be added in the cockpit are:
- Safety equipment and structures
- Tool kit
- Seat, instruments and any other controls necessary for driving including the brake power distributor switch
- Electronic equipment
- Driver cooling system
- Ballast
- Pneumatic jacks and their pipes
- Battery
- Driver ventilation equipment
- Door trims may be replaced with different material.
13.2.2) None of the above items may hinder cockpit exit or driver's visibility.
13.2.3) The above components must be covered where necessary by a rigid protective material to minimise injury and must be attached such that they are able to withstand 25 g deceleration.

13.3 Cockpit exit time
13.3.1) The cockpit must be designed so as to allow the driver to get out from his normal driving position in 7 seconds through the driver's door and in 9 seconds through the passenger's door.
13.3.2) For the purposes of the above tests, the driver must be wearing all normal driving equipment, the seat belts must be fastened, the steering wheel must be in place in the most inconvenient position, and the doors must be closed.

ARTICLE 14 : SAFETY EQUIPMENT

14.1 Fire extinguishers
The use of the following products is prohibited: BCF, NAF
All cars must be equipped with an extinguishing system homologated by the FIA in accordance with article 253-7.2, with the exception of the means of triggering.
A means of triggering from the outside must be combined with the circuit breaker switch and be operated by a single lever. It must be marked with a letter "E" in red inside a white circle of at least 100 mm diameter with a red edge.

14.2 Safety belts
The wearing of two shoulder straps, one abdominal strap and two straps between the legs is compulsory.
These straps must comply with FIA standard N°8853/98.
It is prohibited for the seat belts to be anchored to the seats or their supports.

14.3 Rear view mirrors
Position free.
The car must be fitted with two rear view mirrors, one fitted on each side of the car, in order to give an efficient view to the rear.
Each mirror must have a minimum area of 100 cm². The scrutineers must be assured through a practical demonstration that the driver, seated normally, can clearly see the vehicles following him. To this end, the driver will be asked to identify letters or figures, 15 cm high and 10 cm wide, displayed at random on boards placed behind the car according to the following instructions :
- Height : Between 40 cm and 100 cm from the ground.
- Width : 2 m one side or the other of the centre line of the car.
- Position : 10 metres behind the centre line of the rear axle of the car.

14.4 Seat and headrest
14.4.1) The driver's seat must either be original, modified only through the addition of accessories with a registered trade mark, or be homologated by the EEC, the FMVSS or the FIA (8855/1992 or 8855/1999 standards) and not modified, with an extension padded with energy-absorbing and nonflammable material around the driver's head and not modified.
If the original attachments or supports are changed, they must comply with the provisions of article 253.16.
It is recommended that the seat attachments be homologated on the car's homologation form.
14.4.2) All cars must be equipped with a headrest which cannot deflect more than 50 mm when a rearward force of 85 daN is applied.
The headrest surface must not be less than 400 cm2 and must be continuous and without protruding parts.
It must be positioned so that it is the first point of contact for the driver's helmet in the event of an impact projecting his head backwards when he is seated normally.

14.5 Master switch
14.5.1) The driver, when seated normally with the safety belt fastened and the steering wheel in place, must be able to cut off all the electrical circuits by means of a sparkproof circuit breaker switch.
This switch must be clearly marked by a symbol showing a red spark in a white edged blue triangle and be accessible by the driver with his safety belt fastened.
14.5.2) There must also be an exterior switch, with a handle which is capable of being operated from a distance by a hook.
This switch must be located at the lower part of the windscreen pillar on the left-hand side.

14.6 Towing eye
14.6.1) A towing eye with a minimum and maximum inner diameter of 80 mm and 100 mm respectively must be securely fitted to the front and rear structures of all cars.
14.6.2) They must be positioned in such a way that they can be used should the car be stopped in a gravel bed.
14.6.3) The towing eyes must be clearly visible and painted in yellow, red or orange.

ARTICLE 15 : SAFETY STRUCTURES

15.1 Magnesium sheet
The use of magnesium sheet less than 3 mm thick is forbidden.

15.2 Rollover structure
The car must be fitted with a rollcage complying with
Appendix J Article 253.8.
Longitudinal struts, or an alternative acceptable to the FIA, providing lateral protection, must be included.
It is possible to add three lateral protection bars onto a rollbar homologated by the FIA in accordance with drawing 258-3.
The tubes close to the driver must be padded with nonflammable foam approved by the FIA.

15.3 Firewall and floor
Cars must be equipped with a firewall which is liquid-proof, flame-proof and gas-proof between the driver and engine on the one hand and between the driver and the fuel tank on the other hand, to prevent the passage of flames from the engine compartment to the cockpit.
Any holes in the firewall must be of the minimum size for the passage of controls and wires and must be completely sealed.

15.4 Composite chassis
For any vehicle equipped with a composite chassis, any repairs to the survival cell or to the frontal protection must be carried out according to the manufacturer's specifications, in a repair centre approved by the manufacturer.
Any important damage must be entered on the technical passport.

ARTICLE 16 : FUEL

16.1 Fuel specification
The fuel must be commercial petrol which comes from a service station pump, without any additive other than that of a lubricant on current sale. The fuel must comply with the following specifications:
- 102.0 RON and 90.0 MON maximum, 95.0 RON and 85.0 MON minimum for unleaded fuel.
- 100.0 RON and 92.0 MON maximum, 97.0 RON and 86.0 MON minimum for leaded fuel.
The measurements will be made according to the standards ASTM D 2699-86 and D 2700-86.
- Specific gravity between 720 and 785 kg/m3 at 15°C (measured according to ASTM D 4052).
- A maximum of 2.8 % oxygen (or 3.7 % if the lead content is less than 0.013 g/l) and 0.5 % nitrogen by weight, the remainder of the fuel consisting exclusively of hydrocarbons and not containing any power-boosting additives.
The measuring of the nitrogen content will be carried out according to the standard ASTM D 3228 and that of the oxygen content by elemental analysis with a tolerance of 0.2 %.
- Maximum content of peroxides and nitrooxide compounds: 100 ppm (ASTM D 3703 or in the case of impossibility UOP 3382).
- Maximum lead content: 0.40 g/l or the standard of the country of the event if it is lower (ASTM D 3341 or D 3237).
- Maximum benzene content: 5 % in volume (ASTM D 3606).
- Maximum Reid vapour pressure: 900 hPa (ASTM D 323).
- Distillation at 70°C: 10 % - 47 % (ASTM D 86).
- Distillation at 100°C: 30 % - 70 % (ASTM D 86).
- Distillation at 180° C: 85 % minimum (ASTM D 86).
- Maximum final boiling point: 225°C (ASTM D 86).
- Maximum residue: 2 % volume (ASTM D 86).
The fuel will be accepted or rejected according to the standard ASTM D 3244 with a confidence limit of 95 %.
If the fuel available locally for the event is not of a sufficient quality for use by competitors, the ASN of the organising country must ask the FIA for a waiver in order to enable the use of fuel not corresponding to the characteristics defined above.

16.2 Air
Only air may be mixed with the fuel as an oxidant.

ARTICLE 17 : FINAL TEXT

The final text of these regulations is the English version which will be used should any dispute arise over their interpretation.
Appendix 1 : Restrictors for normally aspirated engines
Appendix 2 : Restrictors for supercharged engines
ARTICLE 18 : MODIFICATIONS FOR 01/01/2003

4.2 Ballast
Ballast must be secured in the cockpit in the passenger's location and according to the specifications of article 253- 16 concerning dimensions and characteristics of the fixations , such that tools are required for its removal and so as to allow the fixing of seals by the scrutineers.
The securing system must allow the fixing of seals by the scrutineers and must be designed such that tools are required for its removal.
Any movable ballast system when the car is in motion is forbidden.

Article 258 - Appendix 1
Restrictors for Normally Aspirated Engines (Grand Touring Cars)






Article 258 - Appendix 2
Restrictors for Supercharged Engines (Grand Touring Cars)



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